Aglycon
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Aglycon is shown to inhibit several viruses. It is found in many types of berries and in green tea.
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Description
The flavanone hesperetin aglycon (e.g., from citrus fruits) shows a notable inhibitory activity against vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) and against Helicobacter pylori [75, 76]. It possesses also a synergistic effect on VISA when combined with antibiotics like vancomycin and oxacillin [75]. It inhibits also intracellular replication of diverse virus (herpes simplex virus type-1, poliovirus type-1, parainfluenza virus type-3, influenza A virus, and respiratory syncytial virus) [77, 78]. 1
All saponins contain an aglycone, which is either triterpenoid or steroidal. Most cultivated plants have a triterpenoid aglycone, whereas in many herbs, it is steroidal. Aglycones can be linked to d-glactose, l-arabinose, l-rhamnose, d-glucose, d-xylose, d-mannose, and d-glucuronic acid. 2
Triterpenoids may inhibit viruses 3
Anthocyanins and their aglycone forms (antocyanidins—malvidin, cyanidin, peonidin, and delphinidin) are flavonoids present in noteworthy concentrations in blueberries, bilberries, cranberries, elderberries, raspberry seeds, and strawberries. Their activity may involve control of inflammation, amelioration of global metabolic profile and mitochondrial energy metabolism, scavenging of reactive oxygen species, and promotion of neuronal plasticity. 4
Aglycones (such as quercetin) have poor or even zero bioavailability. 5
Free aglycones are generally absent or present in low concentrations in plasma after nutritional doses. An exception is green tea catechins, whose aglycones constitute a significant proportion of the total amount in plasma, as they are nonglycosylated flavonoids in food and are readily absorbed at the small intestine without extra modifications [12]. 1
References
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4352739/
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/aglycone
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33201699/
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/nursing-and-health-professions/aglycone
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/aglycone
